Fish are low in fat, high in protein, and rich in beneficial oils and minerals, and can be an important part of a healthy diet. If you live in an urban watershed, however, you may question whether fish caught in your local waters are safe to eat. The short answer is yes, but not all species, and not in unlimited amounts. Mercury contamination is the greatest concern regarding fish consumption. Mercury, a naturally-occurring element that is introduced into water bodies from a wide variety of sources, builds up in fish tissue in the form of methylmercury. The effects of methylmercury are cumulative — while a single meal of mercury-contaminated fish isn’t likely to make you ill, frequent consumption can result in nervous system damage. The risks for mercury-related illness are higher for infants, young children, and pregnant women.
The Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR) provides fish consumption guidelines for specific lakes, rivers, creeks, and coastal areas throughout the state. Some water bodies carry no restrictions, while others carry recommended limits on meals per week or month, based on catch species (and in some cases, catch size); a few water bodies have "Do Not Eat" restrictions for specific species. The DNR guidelines, which also include handling and cooking tips to reduce contamination risks, are available online here. Keep in mind that the DNR guidelines do not address privately owned ponds. For safety’s sake, follow the consumption guidelines for the public water bodies within your watershed. If you can’t identify your watershed, or have any questions about fish consumption safety, contact the DNR at 404.656.4713 for guidance.
